pureboot 6: a build-time OSCCAL trim, applied ahead of every reset path

The RC-oscillator answer's device half (dev/tasks.md in libavr): OSCCAL joins
pureboot_add_loader() as one optional byte, written at the top of run() before
the WDRF bail so the watchdog hand-over inherits the corrected clock too.
Orthogonal to the backend — an autobaud build may carry it purely for the
application. No value, no code: the stock image differs from v5 in exactly
the version's two bytes (the stamp and the 'b' immediate).

Measured: +6 B where OSCCAL takes sts (328P, 404→410), +4 B in low I/O
(t85, 402→406); the tightest image in the space (1284 autobaud on USART
pins, 504) carries the sts form at 510 of 512. New gates: the OSCCAL size
points on every chip, the wire-observed trim byte on both addressing
classes (test/pbosccal.py, red-green), and the autobaud unit pinned to
ram_start (test/check_unit.cmake, red-green) — the address --info's
measured-clock read is about to rely on.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
2026-07-28 00:53:14 +02:00
parent fe0d9f8790
commit 69f089e53a
6 changed files with 159 additions and 8 deletions

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@@ -270,6 +270,12 @@ if(PROJECT_IS_TOP_LEVEL)
add_test(NAME pureboot_autobaud.size
COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -DSIZE_TOOL=${CMAKE_SIZE} -DELF=$<TARGET_FILE:pureboot_autobaud>
-DLIMIT=${PUREBOOT_LIMIT} -P ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/test/check_size.cmake)
# The measured unit is the loader's only RAM object and sits at the very
# start of SRAM — where the host reads the bit period from (--info's
# measured clock), so the address is wire contract, not layout accident.
add_test(NAME pureboot_autobaud.unit
COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -DOBJDUMP=${CMAKE_OBJDUMP} -DELF=$<TARGET_FILE:pureboot_autobaud>
-DRAM_START=${PUREBOOT_RAM_START} -P ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/test/check_unit.cmake)
# One point of the exhaustive matrix, named from its resolved parameters
# so the enumeration cannot collide with itself. `pins` is empty for the
@@ -390,6 +396,38 @@ if(PROJECT_IS_TOP_LEVEL)
RX ${PUREBOOT_USART1_RX} TX ${PUREBOOT_USART1_TX})
endif()
# The OSCCAL axis at its fixed points: the stock shape, and the tightest
# image in the space with the trim on top — the axis adds one register
# write, and these points hold both of its addressing encodings to every
# chip's budget.
pureboot_size_variant(pureboot_osccal OSCCAL 0x9c)
pureboot_size_variant(pureboot_autobaud_osccal SERIAL autobaud OSCCAL 0x9c)
if(PUREBOOT_HAS_USART)
pureboot_size_variant(pureboot_autobaud_osccal_on_usart0 SERIAL autobaud OSCCAL 0x9c
RX ${PUREBOOT_USART0_RX} TX ${PUREBOOT_USART0_TX})
endif()
# The trim byte, observed through the wire from the first prompt — one
# chip per OSCCAL addressing class: extended I/O on the 328P (data 0x66,
# an sts — DS40002061B §36), plain I/O on the 85 (data 0x51, an out —
# Atmel-2586 §21).
if(LIBAVR_MCU MATCHES "^(atmega328p|attiny85)$" AND DEFINED PB_DEVICE)
if(LIBAVR_MCU STREQUAL "atmega328p")
set(_osccal_addr 0x66)
else()
set(_osccal_addr 0x51)
endif()
get_target_property(_osccal_hz pureboot_osccal PUREBOOT_HZ)
get_target_property(_osccal_baud pureboot_osccal PUREBOOT_BAUD)
add_test(NAME pureboot.osccal
COMMAND ${Python3_EXECUTABLE} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/test/pbosccal.py
${PB_DEVICE} $<TARGET_FILE:pureboot_osccal> ${PUREBOOT_SIM_MCU}
${_osccal_hz} ${PUREBOOT_BASE_HEX} ${PUREBOOT_PAGE} ${_osccal_baud}
${_osccal_addr} 0x9c ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/pureboot/pureboot.py
${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/pbosccal-work)
set_tests_properties(pureboot.osccal PROPERTIES TIMEOUT 120)
endif()
# One configured deployment end to end — a real board's shape rather
# than the stock assumption: the ATmega328P on its shipped 1 MHz fuses,
# the software UART on hand-picked pins (TX = PB1, RX = PB5), the ladder

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@@ -136,6 +136,19 @@ elseif(LIBAVR_MCU STREQUAL "atmega644pa")
set(_pb_sim_mcu atmega644p)
endif()
# Where SRAM begins: the classic megas keep it right after the plain I/O
# registers, the x8/x4 generations push it past their extended I/O file, and
# the tinies match the classics. An autobaud loader's measured unit lives at
# exactly this address (the host reads it there — pureboot.py), and the
# unit-position test holds the layout to it.
if(LIBAVR_MCU MATCHES "^atmega(8|16|32)a?$")
set(_pb_ram 0x60)
elseif(LIBAVR_MCU MATCHES "^atmega")
set(_pb_ram 0x100)
else()
set(_pb_ram 0x60)
endif()
# The function runs in its caller's scope, so everything it needs crosses
# scopes as global properties.
set_property(GLOBAL PROPERTY PUREBOOT_BASE_HEX ${_pb_base_hex})
@@ -155,6 +168,7 @@ set(PUREBOOT_SLOT ${_pb_slot} PARENT_SCOPE)
set(PUREBOOT_LIMIT ${_pb_limit} PARENT_SCOPE)
set(PUREBOOT_EEPROM ${_pb_eeprom} PARENT_SCOPE)
set(PUREBOOT_DEFAULT_HZ ${_pb_hz} PARENT_SCOPE)
set(PUREBOOT_RAM_START ${_pb_ram} PARENT_SCOPE)
set(PUREBOOT_HAS_USART ${_pb_has_usart} PARENT_SCOPE)
set(PUREBOOT_HAS_USART1 ${_pb_has_usart1} PARENT_SCOPE)
set(PUREBOOT_SIM_MCU ${_pb_sim_mcu} PARENT_SCOPE)
@@ -212,7 +226,7 @@ endfunction()
# pureboot_add_loader(<name> [CLOCK <hz>] [BAUD <bd>]
# [SERIAL auto|hardware|software|autobaud] [USART <n>]
# [RX <pin>] [TX <pin>] [TIMEOUT <s>])
# [RX <pin>] [TX <pin>] [TIMEOUT <s>] [OSCCAL <byte>])
#
# The loader target plus its flashable images (<name>.hex for a programmer,
# <name>.bin for --update-loader). The resolved deployment is stamped on the
@@ -225,8 +239,15 @@ endfunction()
# and one binary per chip serves every F_CPU and every rate. The stamped
# PUREBOOT_HZ/PUREBOOT_BAUD then record what a harness should *drive* it at,
# not what it was built for.
#
# OSCCAL bakes a measured oscillator trim into the loader (README.md: the
# RC-oscillator deployment answer): the byte is written at the top of run(),
# so every reset path — the watchdog hand-over included — runs on the
# corrected clock. Orthogonal to the backend: an autobaud build may carry it
# purely for the application's benefit, its own link being clock-free. No
# value, no code.
function(pureboot_add_loader name)
cmake_parse_arguments(PB "" "CLOCK;BAUD;SERIAL;USART;RX;TX;TIMEOUT" "" ${ARGN})
cmake_parse_arguments(PB "" "CLOCK;BAUD;SERIAL;USART;RX;TX;TIMEOUT;OSCCAL" "" ${ARGN})
if(PB_UNPARSED_ARGUMENTS)
message(FATAL_ERROR "pureboot_add_loader(${name}): unknown arguments ${PB_UNPARSED_ARGUMENTS}")
endif()
@@ -325,6 +346,13 @@ function(pureboot_add_loader name)
set(_defines PUREBOOT_CLOCK_HZ=${PB_CLOCK} PUREBOOT_BAUD=${PB_BAUD} PUREBOOT_TIMEOUT=${PB_TIMEOUT}
${_serial_defines})
endif()
if(DEFINED PB_OSCCAL)
math(EXPR _osccal "${PB_OSCCAL}" OUTPUT_FORMAT DECIMAL)
if(_osccal LESS 0 OR _osccal GREATER 255)
message(FATAL_ERROR "pureboot_add_loader(${name}): OSCCAL ${PB_OSCCAL} is not one byte")
endif()
list(APPEND _defines PUREBOOT_OSCCAL=${_osccal})
endif()
add_executable(${name} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_FUNCTION_LIST_DIR}/pureboot.cpp)
target_link_libraries(${name} PRIVATE libavr)

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@@ -72,9 +72,17 @@ constexpr std::uint8_t timeout_seconds = PUREBOOT_TIMEOUT;
#endif
constexpr avr::uint24_t autobaud_budget = PUREBOOT_AUTOBAUD_POLLS;
// A build may bake a measured oscillator trim (README.md: the RC-oscillator
// deployment answer); the byte is applied at the top of run(). Orthogonal to
// the serial backend — an autobaud build may carry it for the application's
// benefit alone.
#if defined(PUREBOOT_OSCCAL)
static_assert(PUREBOOT_OSCCAL >= 0 && PUREBOOT_OSCCAL <= 0xff, "PUREBOOT_OSCCAL is one OSCCAL byte");
#endif
// The loader's one identity number. The protocol carries none of its own —
// a version implies it, and the host tool holds that map (README.md).
constexpr std::uint8_t version = 5;
constexpr std::uint8_t version = 6;
// The image's identity stamp, for the host tool rather than for the wire: an
// update image is a bare 512-byte slot, and without this nothing in it says
@@ -477,6 +485,12 @@ void fill_page(std::uint8_t bank, std::uint16_t at)
[[noreturn]] void run()
{
#if defined(PUREBOOT_OSCCAL)
// The build's oscillator trim, ahead of everything — the WDRF bail
// included — so every path out of reset, the watchdog hand-over to the
// application first among them, runs on the corrected clock.
avr::clock::calibrate(PUREBOOT_OSCCAL);
#endif
// A watchdog reset belongs to the application, whose watchdog stays forced
// on until it clears WDRF — no activation window in its way.
if (avr::hw::field_impl<wdrf_field()>::test())

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@@ -24,13 +24,15 @@ else:
import termios
PROMPT = b"+"
VERSION = 5 # this tool's own version — free to drift from a loader's
# The loader versions this tool speaks. A pureboot version implies its wire
VERSION = 6 # this tool's own version — free to drift from a loader's
# The loader versions this tool can drive. A pureboot version implies its wire
# protocol, which carries no number of its own, so this window is where that
# map lives: every version so far speaks the same protocol, and one that
# changes it becomes the new floor here.
# map lives: the tool keeps a decoder for every generation in it (14 speak
# the per-memory commands, 5 the unified pair; 6 marks the OSCCAL-carrying
# builds and changes nothing on the wire), and a version it has no decoder
# for moves the floor.
OLDEST_LOADER = 1
NEWEST_LOADER = 5
NEWEST_LOADER = 6
SLOT = 512 # the loader slot, on every chip
RETRIES = 3 # rewrites of a page that reads back wrong, before the run stops

23
test/check_unit.cmake Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
# Asserts the autobaud loader's measured unit is the first RAM object: the
# host tool reads the bit period from ram_start (--info's measured clock), so
# the unit's address is wire contract. Run as
# cmake -DOBJDUMP=... -DELF=... -DRAM_START=<data address> -P check_unit.cmake
execute_process(COMMAND ${OBJDUMP} -t ${ELF} OUTPUT_VARIABLE _syms RESULT_VARIABLE _res)
if(NOT _res EQUAL 0)
message(FATAL_ERROR "${OBJDUMP} -t ${ELF} failed")
endif()
# The symbol line: "00800100 l O .noinit 00000002 <mangled>unit_E".
string(REGEX MATCH "\n0*([0-9a-f]+)[^\n]+[ \t][^ \t\n]*unit_[^ \t\n]*\n" _line "${_syms}")
if(NOT _line)
message(FATAL_ERROR "no unit_ symbol in ${ELF} — is this the autobaud loader?")
endif()
# AVR data-space symbols carry the 0x800000 VMA offset.
math(EXPR _want "0x800000 + ${RAM_START}" OUTPUT_FORMAT HEXADECIMAL)
math(EXPR _have "0x${CMAKE_MATCH_1}" OUTPUT_FORMAT HEXADECIMAL)
if(NOT _have STREQUAL _want)
message(FATAL_ERROR "unit_ sits at ${_have}, ram_start is ${_want} — the host peeks ram_start")
endif()
message(STATUS "unit_ at ${_have} == ram_start")

46
test/pbosccal.py Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""The build-time OSCCAL trim, observed through the wire: a loader built with
the OSCCAL axis holds the trim register at the built byte from its first
prompt on — the write sits at the top of run(), ahead of the WDRF bail, so
every path out of reset runs on the corrected clock. simavr's clock does not
follow OSCCAL, which is what makes the value assertable at all: the register
is plain state there, and the peek must return exactly what the build
declared rather than whatever the oscillator needed.
Usage: pbosccal.py <device_bin> <pureboot_elf> <mcu> <hz> <base_hex> <page>
<baud> <osccal_addr> <osccal_value> <tool_py> <workdir>
[link]
"""
import os
import sys
def fail(message):
print(f"FAIL: {message}")
sys.exit(1)
def main():
args = sys.argv[1:]
link = args.pop() if len(args) == 12 else None
(device_bin, elf, mcu, hz, base_hex, page, baud, addr, value, tool, workdir) = args
addr, value, baud = int(addr, 0), int(value, 0), int(baud)
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
import pbsim
os.makedirs(workdir, exist_ok=True)
dump = os.path.join(workdir, "flash_dump.bin")
device = pbsim.Device(device_bin, elf, mcu, hz, base_hex, page, baud, dump, link=link)
try:
out = pbsim.run_tool(tool, device.pty, baud, "--peek", f"{addr:#x}:1")
want = f"{addr:#06x} {value:02x}"
if want not in out:
fail(f"OSCCAL at {addr:#x} did not read back {value:#04x}:\n{out}")
finally:
device.stop()
print("OK")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()