Updated compiler settings

.gitmodules

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[submodule "io/io"]
+	path = io/io
+	url = git@git.blackmark.me:avr/io.git

LICENSE

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 MIT License
 
-Copyright (c) 2020 BlackMark
+Copyright (c) 2019 BlackMark
 
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal

io.atsln

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+
+Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 12.00
+# Atmel Studio Solution File, Format Version 11.00
+VisualStudioVersion = 14.0.23107.0
+MinimumVisualStudioVersion = 10.0.40219.1
+Project("{E66E83B9-2572-4076-B26E-6BE79FF3018A}") = "io", "io\io.cppproj", "{DCE6C7E3-EE26-4D79-826B-08594B9AD897}"
+EndProject
+Global
+	GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
+		Debug|AVR = Debug|AVR
+		Release|AVR = Release|AVR
+	EndGlobalSection
+	GlobalSection(ProjectConfigurationPlatforms) = postSolution
+		{DCE6C7E3-EE26-4D79-826B-08594B9AD897}.Debug|AVR.ActiveCfg = Debug|AVR
+		{DCE6C7E3-EE26-4D79-826B-08594B9AD897}.Debug|AVR.Build.0 = Debug|AVR
+		{DCE6C7E3-EE26-4D79-826B-08594B9AD897}.Release|AVR.ActiveCfg = Release|AVR
+		{DCE6C7E3-EE26-4D79-826B-08594B9AD897}.Release|AVR.Build.0 = Release|AVR
+	EndGlobalSection
+	GlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution
+		HideSolutionNode = FALSE
+	EndGlobalSection
+EndGlobal

io.hpp

@@ -1,576 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include <cstdint>
-
-#include <avr/io.h>
-#include <avr/sfr_defs.h>
-
-//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-// Preprocessor defines
-
-#if defined(__AVR_ATmega32__) || defined(__AVR_ATmega32A__) || defined(__AVR_ATmega644P__) || \
-    defined(__AVR_ATmega1284P__)
-#define GPIO_32
-#endif
-
-#if defined(__AVR_ATmega8__) || defined(__AVR_ATmega8A__) || defined(__AVR_ATmega168A__) || defined(__AVR_ATmega328P__)
-#define GPIO_23
-#endif
-
-#if defined(__AVR_ATtiny13A__) || defined(__AVR_ATtiny85__)
-#define GPIO_6
-#endif
-
-#if defined(__AVR_ATmega644P__) || defined(__AVR_ATmega1284P__) || defined(__AVR_ATmega168A__) || \
-    defined(__AVR_ATmega328P__) || defined(__AVR_ATtiny13A__) || defined(__AVR_ATtiny85__)
-#define HARDWARE_TOGGLE
-#endif
-
-#ifdef GPIO_32
-#define PORT_A_AVAILABLE
-#endif
-
-#if defined(GPIO_32) || defined(GPIO_23) || defined(GPIO_6)
-#define PORT_B_AVAILABLE
-#endif
-
-#if defined(GPIO_32) || defined(GPIO_23)
-#define PORT_C_AVAILABLE
-#define PORT_D_AVAILABLE
-#define PIN_B6_AVAILABLE
-#define PIN_B7_AVAILABLE
-#endif
-
-#if defined(GPIO_32)
-#define PIN_C7_AVAILABLE
-#endif
-
-//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-// Library implementation
-
-namespace io {
-
-enum class Dir { IN, OUT };
-
-enum class P {
-#ifdef PORT_A_AVAILABLE
-	A0 = 0x00,
-	A1 = 0x01,
-	A2 = 0x02,
-	A3 = 0x03,
-	A4 = 0x04,
-	A5 = 0x05,
-	A6 = 0x06,
-	A7 = 0x07,
-#endif
-
-#ifdef PORT_B_AVAILABLE
-	B0 = 0x10,
-	B1 = 0x11,
-	B2 = 0x12,
-	B3 = 0x13,
-	B4 = 0x14,
-	B5 = 0x15,
-#ifdef PIN_B6_AVAILABLE
-	B6 = 0x16,
-#endif
-#ifdef PIN_B7_AVAILABLE
-	B7 = 0x17,
-#endif
-#endif
-
-#ifdef PORT_C_AVAILABLE
-	C0 = 0x20,
-	C1 = 0x21,
-	C2 = 0x22,
-	C3 = 0x23,
-	C4 = 0x24,
-	C5 = 0x25,
-	C6 = 0x26,
-#ifdef PIN_C7_AVAILABLE
-	C7 = 0x27,
-#endif
-#endif
-
-#ifdef PORT_D_AVAILABLE
-	D0 = 0x30,
-	D1 = 0x31,
-	D2 = 0x32,
-	D3 = 0x33,
-	D4 = 0x34,
-	D5 = 0x35,
-	D6 = 0x36,
-	D7 = 0x37,
-#endif
-
-	NONE,
-};
-
-enum class Bus {
-#ifdef PORT_A_AVAILABLE
-	A = 0x00,
-#endif
-#ifdef PORT_B_AVAILABLE
-	B = 0x01,
-#endif
-#ifdef PORT_C_AVAILABLE
-	C = 0x02,
-#endif
-#ifdef PORT_D_AVAILABLE
-	D = 0x03,
-#endif
-
-	NONE,
-};
-
-//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-// Implementation details
-
-namespace detail {
-
-/*
-The following works in avr-gcc 5.4.0, but is not legal C++, because ptr's are not legal constexpr's:
-  constexpr auto *foo = ptr;
-
-Workaround is to store the address of the ptr in a uintptr_t and reinterpret_cast it at call site.
-The _SFR_ADDR macro in sfr_defs.h would give the address, but it does that by taking the address of the dereferenced
-pointer and casts it to uint16_t, which is still not a legal constexpr.
-The workaround therefore is to disable the pointer-cast-and-dereference macro _MMIO_BYTE temporarily.
-*/
-
-#pragma push_macro("_MMIO_BYTE")
-#undef _MMIO_BYTE
-#define _MMIO_BYTE
-
-#ifdef PORT_A_AVAILABLE
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_A_DIR_REG_ADDR = DDRA;
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_A_OUTPUT_REG_ADDR = PORTA;
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_A_INPUT_REG_ADDR = PINA;
-#else
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_A_DIR_REG_ADDR = 0;
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_A_OUTPUT_REG_ADDR = 0;
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_A_INPUT_REG_ADDR = 0;
-#endif
-
-#ifdef PORT_B_AVAILABLE
-
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_B_DIR_REG_ADDR = DDRB;
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_B_OUTPUT_REG_ADDR = PORTB;
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_B_INPUT_REG_ADDR = PINB;
-#else
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_B_DIR_REG_ADDR = 0;
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_B_OUTPUT_REG_ADDR = 0;
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_B_INPUT_REG_ADDR = 0;
-#endif
-
-#ifdef PORT_C_AVAILABLE
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_C_DIR_REG_ADDR = DDRC;
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_C_OUTPUT_REG_ADDR = PORTC;
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_C_INPUT_REG_ADDR = PINC;
-#else
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_C_DIR_REG_ADDR = 0;
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_C_OUTPUT_REG_ADDR = 0;
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_C_INPUT_REG_ADDR = 0;
-#endif
-
-#ifdef PORT_D_AVAILABLE
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_D_DIR_REG_ADDR = DDRD;
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_D_OUTPUT_REG_ADDR = PORTD;
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_D_INPUT_REG_ADDR = PIND;
-#else
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_D_DIR_REG_ADDR = 0;
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_D_OUTPUT_REG_ADDR = 0;
-static constexpr uintptr_t PORT_D_INPUT_REG_ADDR = 0;
-#endif
-
-#pragma pop_macro("_MMIO_BYTE")
-
-static constexpr auto getBus(const P pin)
-{
-	// Upper 4 bits of pin encode which port this pin is on
-	const auto port = static_cast<std::uint8_t>(pin) >> 4 & 0x0F;
-	return static_cast<Bus>(port);
-}
-
-static constexpr auto getPinBit(const P pin)
-{
-	// Lower 4 bits of pin encode which pin bit it is
-	const auto pinBit = static_cast<std::uint8_t>(pin) & 0x0F;
-	return pinBit;
-}
-
-static constexpr auto getDDR(const Bus bus)
-{
-	switch (static_cast<std::uint8_t>(bus)) {
-	case 0: // Bus::A
-		return PORT_A_DIR_REG_ADDR;
-	case 1: // Bus::B
-		return PORT_B_DIR_REG_ADDR;
-	case 2: // Bus::C
-		return PORT_C_DIR_REG_ADDR;
-	case 3: // Bus::D
-		return PORT_D_DIR_REG_ADDR;
-	}
-}
-
-static constexpr auto getPORT(const Bus bus)
-{
-	switch (static_cast<std::uint8_t>(bus)) {
-	case 0: // Bus::A
-		return PORT_A_OUTPUT_REG_ADDR;
-	case 1: // Bus::B
-		return PORT_B_OUTPUT_REG_ADDR;
-	case 2: // Bus::C
-		return PORT_C_OUTPUT_REG_ADDR;
-	case 3: // Bus::D
-		return PORT_D_OUTPUT_REG_ADDR;
-	}
-}
-
-static constexpr auto getPIN(const Bus bus)
-{
-	switch (static_cast<std::uint8_t>(bus)) {
-	case 0: // Bus::A
-		return PORT_A_INPUT_REG_ADDR;
-	case 1: // Bus::B
-		return PORT_B_INPUT_REG_ADDR;
-	case 2: // Bus::C
-		return PORT_C_INPUT_REG_ADDR;
-	case 3: // Bus::D
-		return PORT_D_INPUT_REG_ADDR;
-	}
-}
-
-using reg_ptr_t = volatile std::uint8_t *;
-
-template <uintptr_t Address>
-static inline reg_ptr_t getRegPtr()
-{
-	return reinterpret_cast<reg_ptr_t>(Address);
-}
-
-template <template <P, std::uint8_t> typename Func, P pin, P... pins>
-struct CallHelper {
-	template <typename... Args>
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static inline void call(Args... args)
-	{
-		Func<pin, sizeof...(pins)>::call(args...);
-		CallHelper<Func, pins...>::call(args...);
-	}
-};
-
-template <template <P, std::uint8_t> typename Func, P pin>
-struct CallHelper<Func, pin> {
-	template <typename... Args>
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static inline void call(Args... args)
-	{
-		Func<pin, 0>::call(args...);
-	}
-};
-
-template <template <P> typename Func, P pin, P... pins>
-struct ReadCallHelper {
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static inline std::uint8_t call()
-	{
-		return Func<pin>::call() << sizeof...(pins) | ReadCallHelper<Func, pins...>::call();
-	}
-};
-
-template <template <P> typename Func, P pin>
-struct ReadCallHelper<Func, pin> {
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static inline std::uint8_t call()
-	{
-		return Func<pin>::call();
-	}
-};
-
-} // namespace detail
-
-//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-// Zero overhead Pin object for pretty code without losing performance
-
-template <P pin>
-class Pin {
-  public:
-	// Pin objects cannot be moved or copied
-	Pin(const Pin &) = delete;
-	Pin(Pin &&) = delete;
-	Pin &operator=(const Pin &) = delete;
-	Pin &operator=(Pin &&) = delete;
-
-	// The only valid way to create a Pin object is with the default constructor
-	Pin() = default;
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static inline void dir(const Dir dir)
-	{
-		if constexpr (pin != P::NONE) {
-			constexpr auto bus = detail::getBus(pin);
-			constexpr auto pinBit = detail::getPinBit(pin);
-
-			auto dirRegPtr = detail::getRegPtr<detail::getDDR(bus)>();
-
-			if (dir == Dir::IN)
-				*dirRegPtr = *dirRegPtr & ~(1 << pinBit);
-			else if (dir == Dir::OUT)
-				*dirRegPtr = *dirRegPtr | (1 << pinBit);
-		}
-	}
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static inline void pullup(const bool enable)
-	{
-		if constexpr (pin != P::NONE) {
-			constexpr auto bus = detail::getBus(pin);
-			constexpr auto pinBit = detail::getPinBit(pin);
-
-			auto portRegPtr = detail::getRegPtr<detail::getPORT(bus)>();
-
-			if (enable)
-				*portRegPtr = *portRegPtr | (1 << pinBit);
-			else
-				*portRegPtr = *portRegPtr & ~(1 << pinBit);
-		}
-	}
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static inline void write(const bool value)
-	{
-		if constexpr (pin != P::NONE) {
-			constexpr auto bus = detail::getBus(pin);
-			constexpr auto pinBit = detail::getPinBit(pin);
-
-			auto portRegPtr = detail::getRegPtr<detail::getPORT(bus)>();
-
-			if (value)
-				*portRegPtr = *portRegPtr | (1 << pinBit);
-			else
-				*portRegPtr = *portRegPtr & ~(1 << pinBit);
-		}
-	}
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static inline void toggle()
-	{
-		if constexpr (pin != P::NONE) {
-			constexpr auto bus = detail::getBus(pin);
-			constexpr auto pinBit = detail::getPinBit(pin);
-
-#ifdef HARDWARE_TOGGLE
-			auto pinRegPtr = detail::getRegPtr<detail::getPIN(bus)>();
-			*pinRegPtr = *pinRegPtr | (1 << pinBit);
-#else
-			auto portRegPtr = detail::getRegPtr<detail::getPORT(bus)>();
-			*portRegPtr = *portRegPtr ^ (1 << pinBit);
-#endif
-		}
-	}
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static inline bool read()
-	{
-		if constexpr (pin != P::NONE) {
-			constexpr auto bus = detail::getBus(pin);
-			constexpr auto pinBit = detail::getPinBit(pin);
-
-			auto pinRegPtr = detail::getRegPtr<detail::getPIN(bus)>();
-
-			if (*pinRegPtr >> pinBit & 1)
-				return true;
-		}
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] Pin &operator=(const bool value)
-	{
-		write(value);
-		return *this;
-	}
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] operator bool() const
-	{
-		return read();
-	}
-};
-
-//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-// Zero overhead Port object for pretty code without losing performance
-
-template <Bus port>
-class Port {
-  public:
-	// Port objects cannot be moved or copied
-	Port(const Port &) = delete;
-	Port(Port &&) = delete;
-	Port &operator=(const Port &) = delete;
-	Port &operator=(Port &&) = delete;
-
-	// The only valid way to create a Port object is with the default constructor
-	Port() = default;
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static inline void dir(const Dir dir)
-	{
-		if constexpr (port != Bus::NONE) {
-			auto dirRegPtr = detail::getRegPtr<detail::getDDR(port)>();
-
-			if (dir == Dir::IN)
-				*dirRegPtr = 0x00;
-			else if (dir == Dir::OUT)
-				*dirRegPtr = 0xFF;
-		}
-	}
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static inline void pullup(const bool enable)
-	{
-		if constexpr (port != Bus::NONE) {
-			auto portRegPtr = detail::getRegPtr<detail::getPORT(port)>();
-
-			if (enable)
-				*portRegPtr = 0xFF;
-			else
-				*portRegPtr = 0x00;
-		}
-	}
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static inline void write([[maybe_unused]] const std::uint8_t value)
-	{
-		if constexpr (port != Bus::NONE) {
-			auto portRegPtr = detail::getRegPtr<detail::getPORT(port)>();
-			*portRegPtr = value;
-		}
-	}
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static inline void invert()
-	{
-		if constexpr (port != Bus::NONE) {
-#ifdef HARDWARE_TOGGLE
-			auto pinRegPtr = detail::getRegPtr<detail::getPIN(port)>();
-			*pinRegPtr = 0xFF;
-#else
-			auto portRegPtr = detail::getRegPtr<detail::getPORT(port)>();
-			*portRegPtr = ~(*portRegPtr);
-#endif
-		}
-	}
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static inline std::uint8_t read()
-	{
-		if constexpr (port != Bus::NONE) {
-			auto pinRegPtr = detail::getRegPtr<detail::getPIN(port)>();
-			return *pinRegPtr;
-		}
-		return 0x00;
-	}
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] inline Port &operator=(const std::uint8_t value)
-	{
-		write(value);
-		return *this;
-	}
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] inline operator std::uint8_t() const
-	{
-		return read();
-	}
-};
-
-//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-// Zero overhead Virtual Port object for pretty code without losing performance
-
-namespace detail {
-
-template <P pin, std::uint8_t offset>
-struct Callers {
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static void call(const Dir dir)
-	{
-		Pin<pin>::dir(dir);
-	};
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static void call(const bool enable)
-	{
-		Pin<pin>::pullup(enable);
-	};
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static void call(const std::uint8_t value)
-	{
-		Pin<pin>::write(value >> offset & 1);
-	};
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static void call()
-	{
-		Pin<pin>::toggle();
-	};
-};
-
-template <P pin>
-struct readCaller {
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static bool call()
-	{
-		return Pin<pin>::read();
-	};
-};
-
-} // namespace detail
-
-template <P... pins>
-class VirtPort {
-  public:
-	static_assert(sizeof...(pins) <= 8, "A virtual port cannot have more than 8 pins");
-
-	// VirtPort objects cannot be moved or copied
-	VirtPort(const VirtPort &) = delete;
-	VirtPort(VirtPort &&) = delete;
-	VirtPort &operator=(const VirtPort &) = delete;
-	VirtPort &operator=(VirtPort &&) = delete;
-
-	// The only valid way to create a VirtPort object is with the default constructor
-	VirtPort() = default;
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static inline void dir(const Dir dir)
-	{
-		detail::CallHelper<detail::Callers, pins...>::call(dir);
-	}
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static inline void pullup(const bool enable)
-	{
-		detail::CallHelper<detail::Callers, pins...>::call(enable);
-	}
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static inline void write(const std::uint8_t value)
-	{
-		detail::CallHelper<detail::Callers, pins...>::call(value);
-	}
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static inline void invert()
-	{
-		detail::CallHelper<detail::Callers, pins...>::call();
-	}
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] static inline std::uint8_t read()
-	{
-		return detail::ReadCallHelper<detail::readCaller, pins...>::call();
-	}
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] inline VirtPort &operator=(const std::uint8_t value)
-	{
-		write(value);
-		return *this;
-	}
-
-	[[gnu::always_inline]] inline operator std::uint8_t() const
-	{
-		return read();
-	}
-};
-
-} // namespace io
-
-//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-#undef GPIO_32
-#undef GPIO_23
-#undef GPIO_6
-
-#undef PORT_A_AVAILABLE
-#undef PORT_B_AVAILABLE
-#undef PORT_C_AVAILABLE
-#undef PORT_D_AVAILABLE
-
-#undef PIN_B6_AVAILABLE
-#undef PIN_B7_AVAILABLE
-#undef PIN_C7_AVAILABLE

io/clock.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#define F_CPU 16000000
+#include <util/delay.h>

io/io

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Subproject commit 80de36ee7ee3e6b0842d5eaee81d54062cb496b2

io/io.cppproj

@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<Project DefaultTargets="Build" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003" ToolsVersion="14.0">
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <SchemaVersion>2.0</SchemaVersion>
+    <ProjectVersion>7.0</ProjectVersion>
+    <ToolchainName>com.Atmel.AVRGCC8.CPP</ToolchainName>
+    <ProjectGuid>dce6c7e3-ee26-4d79-826b-08594b9ad897</ProjectGuid>
+    <avrdevice>ATmega328P</avrdevice>
+    <avrdeviceseries>none</avrdeviceseries>
+    <OutputType>Executable</OutputType>
+    <Language>CPP</Language>
+    <OutputFileName>$(MSBuildProjectName)</OutputFileName>
+    <OutputFileExtension>.elf</OutputFileExtension>
+    <OutputDirectory>$(MSBuildProjectDirectory)\$(Configuration)</OutputDirectory>
+    <AssemblyName>io</AssemblyName>
+    <Name>io</Name>
+    <RootNamespace>io</RootNamespace>
+    <ToolchainFlavour>avr-g++-9.1.0</ToolchainFlavour>
+    <KeepTimersRunning>true</KeepTimersRunning>
+    <OverrideVtor>false</OverrideVtor>
+    <CacheFlash>true</CacheFlash>
+    <ProgFlashFromRam>true</ProgFlashFromRam>
+    <RamSnippetAddress>0x20000000</RamSnippetAddress>
+    <UncachedRange />
+    <preserveEEPROM>true</preserveEEPROM>
+    <OverrideVtorValue>exception_table</OverrideVtorValue>
+    <BootSegment>2</BootSegment>
+    <ResetRule>0</ResetRule>
+    <eraseonlaunchrule>0</eraseonlaunchrule>
+    <EraseKey />
+    <avrtool>com.atmel.avrdbg.tool.stk500</avrtool>
+    <avrtoolserialnumber>
+    </avrtoolserialnumber>
+    <avrdeviceexpectedsignature>0x1E950F</avrdeviceexpectedsignature>
+    <com_atmel_avrdbg_tool_jtagicemkii>
+      <ToolOptions>
+        <InterfaceProperties>
+          <IspClock>0</IspClock>
+        </InterfaceProperties>
+        <InterfaceName>ISP</InterfaceName>
+      </ToolOptions>
+      <ToolType>com.atmel.avrdbg.tool.jtagicemkii</ToolType>
+      <ToolNumber>070000004699</ToolNumber>
+      <ToolName>JTAGICE mkII</ToolName>
+    </com_atmel_avrdbg_tool_jtagicemkii>
+    <avrtoolinterface>ISP</avrtoolinterface>
+    <avrtoolinterfaceclock>125000</avrtoolinterfaceclock>
+    <AAFDebugger>
+      <AAFDebugFiles>
+        <DebugFile>
+          <path>\Debug\io.lss</path>
+          <AAFSetting>
+            <Label>Lss Files</Label>
+            <Extention>.lss</Extention>
+            <Regex>^\s*(?&lt;address&gt;[a-f0-9]*):\s*.*$</Regex>
+            <DebugEnabled>true</DebugEnabled>
+            <RegexGroups>address</RegexGroups>
+            <DebuggerExpression>$pc</DebuggerExpression>
+          </AAFSetting>
+        </DebugFile>
+      </AAFDebugFiles>
+    </AAFDebugger>
+    <AsfFrameworkConfig>
+      <framework-data xmlns="">
+        <options />
+        <configurations />
+        <files />
+        <documentation help="" />
+        <offline-documentation help="" />
+        <dependencies>
+          <content-extension eid="atmel.asf" uuidref="Atmel.ASF" version="3.46.0" />
+        </dependencies>
+      </framework-data>
+    </AsfFrameworkConfig>
+    <com_atmel_avrdbg_tool_stk500>
+      <ToolOptions>
+        <InterfaceProperties>
+          <IspClock>125000</IspClock>
+        </InterfaceProperties>
+        <InterfaceName>ISP</InterfaceName>
+      </ToolOptions>
+      <ToolType>com.atmel.avrdbg.tool.stk500</ToolType>
+      <ToolNumber>
+      </ToolNumber>
+      <ToolName>STK500</ToolName>
+    </com_atmel_avrdbg_tool_stk500>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)' == 'Release' ">
+    <ToolchainSettings>
+      <AvrGccCpp>
+  <avrgcc.common.Device>-mmcu=atmega328p -B "%24(PackRepoDir)\Atmel\ATmega_DFP\1.3.300\gcc\dev\atmega328p"</avrgcc.common.Device>
+  <avrgcc.common.outputfiles.hex>True</avrgcc.common.outputfiles.hex>
+  <avrgcc.common.outputfiles.lss>True</avrgcc.common.outputfiles.lss>
+  <avrgcc.common.outputfiles.eep>True</avrgcc.common.outputfiles.eep>
+  <avrgcc.common.outputfiles.srec>True</avrgcc.common.outputfiles.srec>
+  <avrgcc.common.outputfiles.usersignatures>False</avrgcc.common.outputfiles.usersignatures>
+  <avrgcc.compiler.general.ChangeDefaultCharTypeUnsigned>True</avrgcc.compiler.general.ChangeDefaultCharTypeUnsigned>
+  <avrgcc.compiler.general.ChangeDefaultBitFieldUnsigned>True</avrgcc.compiler.general.ChangeDefaultBitFieldUnsigned>
+  <avrgcc.compiler.symbols.DefSymbols>
+    <ListValues>
+      <Value>NDEBUG</Value>
+    </ListValues>
+  </avrgcc.compiler.symbols.DefSymbols>
+  <avrgcc.compiler.directories.IncludePaths>
+    <ListValues>
+      <Value>%24(PackRepoDir)\Atmel\ATmega_DFP\1.3.300\include</Value>
+    </ListValues>
+  </avrgcc.compiler.directories.IncludePaths>
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+  <avrgcc.compiler.optimization.AllocateBytesNeededForEnum>True</avrgcc.compiler.optimization.AllocateBytesNeededForEnum>
+  <avrgcc.compiler.warnings.AllWarnings>True</avrgcc.compiler.warnings.AllWarnings>
+  <avrgcc.compiler.warnings.ExtraWarnings>True</avrgcc.compiler.warnings.ExtraWarnings>
+  <avrgcc.compiler.warnings.Pedantic>True</avrgcc.compiler.warnings.Pedantic>
+  <avrgcc.compiler.miscellaneous.OtherFlags>-fno-threadsafe-statics -std=c11</avrgcc.compiler.miscellaneous.OtherFlags>
+  <avrgcccpp.compiler.general.ChangeDefaultCharTypeUnsigned>True</avrgcccpp.compiler.general.ChangeDefaultCharTypeUnsigned>
+  <avrgcccpp.compiler.general.ChangeDefaultBitFieldUnsigned>True</avrgcccpp.compiler.general.ChangeDefaultBitFieldUnsigned>
+  <avrgcccpp.compiler.symbols.DefSymbols>
+    <ListValues>
+      <Value>NDEBUG</Value>
+    </ListValues>
+  </avrgcccpp.compiler.symbols.DefSymbols>
+  <avrgcccpp.compiler.directories.IncludePaths>
+    <ListValues>
+      <Value>%24(PackRepoDir)\Atmel\ATmega_DFP\1.3.300\include</Value>
+    </ListValues>
+  </avrgcccpp.compiler.directories.IncludePaths>
+  <avrgcccpp.compiler.optimization.level>Optimize for size (-Os)</avrgcccpp.compiler.optimization.level>
+  <avrgcccpp.compiler.optimization.AllocateBytesNeededForEnum>True</avrgcccpp.compiler.optimization.AllocateBytesNeededForEnum>
+  <avrgcccpp.compiler.warnings.AllWarnings>True</avrgcccpp.compiler.warnings.AllWarnings>
+  <avrgcccpp.compiler.warnings.Pedantic>True</avrgcccpp.compiler.warnings.Pedantic>
+  <avrgcccpp.compiler.miscellaneous.OtherFlags>-fno-threadsafe-statics -Wextra -std=c++17</avrgcccpp.compiler.miscellaneous.OtherFlags>
+  <avrgcccpp.linker.libraries.Libraries>
+    <ListValues>
+      <Value>libm</Value>
+    </ListValues>
+  </avrgcccpp.linker.libraries.Libraries>
+  <avrgcccpp.assembler.general.IncludePaths>
+    <ListValues>
+      <Value>%24(PackRepoDir)\Atmel\ATmega_DFP\1.3.300\include</Value>
+    </ListValues>
+  </avrgcccpp.assembler.general.IncludePaths>
+</AvrGccCpp>
+    </ToolchainSettings>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)' == 'Debug' ">
+    <ToolchainSettings>
+      <AvrGccCpp>
+  <avrgcc.common.Device>-mmcu=atmega328p -B "%24(PackRepoDir)\Atmel\ATmega_DFP\1.3.300\gcc\dev\atmega328p"</avrgcc.common.Device>
+  <avrgcc.common.outputfiles.hex>True</avrgcc.common.outputfiles.hex>
+  <avrgcc.common.outputfiles.lss>True</avrgcc.common.outputfiles.lss>
+  <avrgcc.common.outputfiles.eep>True</avrgcc.common.outputfiles.eep>
+  <avrgcc.common.outputfiles.srec>True</avrgcc.common.outputfiles.srec>
+  <avrgcc.common.outputfiles.usersignatures>False</avrgcc.common.outputfiles.usersignatures>
+  <avrgcc.compiler.general.ChangeDefaultCharTypeUnsigned>True</avrgcc.compiler.general.ChangeDefaultCharTypeUnsigned>
+  <avrgcc.compiler.general.ChangeDefaultBitFieldUnsigned>True</avrgcc.compiler.general.ChangeDefaultBitFieldUnsigned>
+  <avrgcc.compiler.symbols.DefSymbols>
+    <ListValues>
+      <Value>DEBUG</Value>
+    </ListValues>
+  </avrgcc.compiler.symbols.DefSymbols>
+  <avrgcc.compiler.directories.IncludePaths>
+    <ListValues>
+      <Value>%24(PackRepoDir)\Atmel\ATmega_DFP\1.3.300\include</Value>
+    </ListValues>
+  </avrgcc.compiler.directories.IncludePaths>
+  <avrgcc.compiler.optimization.level>Optimize (-O1)</avrgcc.compiler.optimization.level>
+  <avrgcc.compiler.optimization.AllocateBytesNeededForEnum>True</avrgcc.compiler.optimization.AllocateBytesNeededForEnum>
+  <avrgcc.compiler.optimization.DebugLevel>Maximum (-g3)</avrgcc.compiler.optimization.DebugLevel>
+  <avrgcc.compiler.warnings.AllWarnings>True</avrgcc.compiler.warnings.AllWarnings>
+  <avrgcc.compiler.warnings.ExtraWarnings>True</avrgcc.compiler.warnings.ExtraWarnings>
+  <avrgcc.compiler.warnings.Pedantic>True</avrgcc.compiler.warnings.Pedantic>
+  <avrgcc.compiler.miscellaneous.OtherFlags>-fno-threadsafe-statics -std=c11</avrgcc.compiler.miscellaneous.OtherFlags>
+  <avrgcccpp.compiler.general.ChangeDefaultCharTypeUnsigned>True</avrgcccpp.compiler.general.ChangeDefaultCharTypeUnsigned>
+  <avrgcccpp.compiler.general.ChangeDefaultBitFieldUnsigned>True</avrgcccpp.compiler.general.ChangeDefaultBitFieldUnsigned>
+  <avrgcccpp.compiler.symbols.DefSymbols>
+    <ListValues>
+      <Value>DEBUG</Value>
+    </ListValues>
+  </avrgcccpp.compiler.symbols.DefSymbols>
+  <avrgcccpp.compiler.directories.IncludePaths>
+    <ListValues>
+      <Value>%24(PackRepoDir)\Atmel\ATmega_DFP\1.3.300\include</Value>
+    </ListValues>
+  </avrgcccpp.compiler.directories.IncludePaths>
+  <avrgcccpp.compiler.optimization.level>Optimize (-O1)</avrgcccpp.compiler.optimization.level>
+  <avrgcccpp.compiler.optimization.AllocateBytesNeededForEnum>True</avrgcccpp.compiler.optimization.AllocateBytesNeededForEnum>
+  <avrgcccpp.compiler.optimization.DebugLevel>Maximum (-g3)</avrgcccpp.compiler.optimization.DebugLevel>
+  <avrgcccpp.compiler.warnings.AllWarnings>True</avrgcccpp.compiler.warnings.AllWarnings>
+  <avrgcccpp.compiler.warnings.Pedantic>True</avrgcccpp.compiler.warnings.Pedantic>
+  <avrgcccpp.compiler.miscellaneous.OtherFlags>-fno-threadsafe-statics -Wextra -std=c++17</avrgcccpp.compiler.miscellaneous.OtherFlags>
+  <avrgcccpp.linker.libraries.Libraries>
+    <ListValues>
+      <Value>libm</Value>
+    </ListValues>
+  </avrgcccpp.linker.libraries.Libraries>
+  <avrgcccpp.assembler.general.IncludePaths>
+    <ListValues>
+      <Value>%24(PackRepoDir)\Atmel\ATmega_DFP\1.3.300\include</Value>
+    </ListValues>
+  </avrgcccpp.assembler.general.IncludePaths>
+  <avrgcccpp.assembler.debugging.DebugLevel>Default (-Wa,-g)</avrgcccpp.assembler.debugging.DebugLevel>
+</AvrGccCpp>
+    </ToolchainSettings>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <Compile Include="clock.hpp">
+      <SubType>compile</SubType>
+    </Compile>
+    <Compile Include="io\io.hpp">
+      <SubType>compile</SubType>
+    </Compile>
+    <Compile Include="main.cpp">
+      <SubType>compile</SubType>
+    </Compile>
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <Folder Include="io" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <Import Project="$(AVRSTUDIO_EXE_PATH)\\Vs\\Compiler.targets" />
+</Project>

io/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+#include "clock.hpp"
+
+#include "io/io.hpp"
+
+void pinUsage1()
+{
+	using namespace io;
+
+	Pin<P::B0> pin1;
+	Pin<P::B5> pin2;
+
+	pin1.dir(Dir::IN);
+	pin1.pullup(false);
+
+	pin2.dir(Dir::OUT);
+	pin2.write(false);
+
+	pin2 = pin1;
+
+	if (pin1) {
+		pin1.dir(Dir::OUT);
+		pin1 = true;
+	} else {
+		pin1.dir(Dir::OUT);
+		pin2 = false;
+	}
+
+	pin2.toggle();
+}
+
+void pinUsage2()
+{
+	using namespace io;
+
+	using pin1_t = Pin<P::B0>;
+	using pin2_t = Pin<P::B5>;
+
+	pin1_t::dir(Dir::IN);
+	pin1_t::pullup(false);
+
+	pin2_t::dir(Dir::OUT);
+	pin2_t::write(false);
+
+	pin2_t::write(pin1_t::read());
+
+	if (pin1_t::read()) {
+		pin1_t::dir(Dir::OUT);
+		pin1_t::write(true);
+	} else {
+		pin1_t::dir(Dir::OUT);
+		pin2_t::write(false);
+	}
+
+	pin2_t::toggle();
+}
+
+void portUsage1()
+{
+	using namespace io;
+
+	Port<Bus::D> port1;
+	Port<Bus::B> port2;
+
+	port1.dir(Dir::IN);
+	port1.pullup(false);
+
+	port2.dir(Dir::OUT);
+	port2.write(0x00);
+
+	port2 = port1;
+
+	if (port1) {
+		port1.dir(Dir::OUT);
+		port1 = 0b10101010;
+	} else {
+		port1.dir(Dir::OUT);
+		port1 = 0b01010101;
+	}
+
+	port2.invert();
+}
+
+void portUsage2()
+{
+	using namespace io;
+
+	using port1_t = Port<Bus::D>;
+	using port2_t = Port<Bus::B>;
+
+	port1_t::dir(Dir::IN);
+	port1_t::pullup(false);
+
+	port2_t::dir(Dir::OUT);
+	port2_t::write(0x00);
+
+	port2_t::write(port1_t::read());
+
+	if (port1_t::read()) {
+		port1_t::dir(Dir::OUT);
+		port1_t::write(0b10101010);
+	} else {
+		port1_t::dir(Dir::OUT);
+		port1_t::write(0b01010101);
+	}
+
+	port2_t::invert();
+}
+
+void virtualPortUsage1()
+{
+	using namespace io;
+
+	VirtPort<P::B0, P::B1, P::B3, P::B4> port1;
+	VirtPort<P::C5, P::C4, P::C3, P::C2, P::C1, P::C0, P::D0, P::D1> port2;
+
+	port1.dir(Dir::IN);
+	port1.pullup(false);
+
+	port2.dir(Dir::OUT);
+	port2.write(0x00);
+
+	port2 = port1;
+
+	if (port1) {
+		port1.dir(Dir::OUT);
+		port1 = 0b10101010;
+	} else {
+		port1.dir(Dir::OUT);
+		port1 = 0b01010101;
+	}
+
+	port2.invert();
+}
+
+void virtualPortUsage2()
+{
+	using namespace io;
+
+	using port1_t = VirtPort<P::B0, P::B1, P::B3, P::B4>;
+	using port2_t = VirtPort<P::C5, P::C4, P::C3, P::C2, P::C1, P::C0, P::D0, P::D1>;
+
+	port1_t::dir(Dir::IN);
+	port1_t::pullup(false);
+
+	port2_t::dir(Dir::OUT);
+	port2_t::write(0x00);
+
+	port2_t::write(port1_t::read());
+
+	if (port1_t::read()) {
+		port1_t::dir(Dir::OUT);
+		port1_t::write(0b10101010);
+	} else {
+		port1_t::dir(Dir::OUT);
+		port1_t::write(0b01010101);
+	}
+
+	port2_t::invert();
+}
+
+void outputByte(uint8_t value)
+{
+	using namespace io;
+
+	Pin<P::B5> led;
+	led.dir(Dir::OUT);
+
+	for (uint16_t i = 0; i < value; ++i) {
+		led = true;
+		_delay_ms(250);
+		led = false;
+		_delay_ms(250);
+	}
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+	pinUsage1();
+	pinUsage2();
+
+	portUsage1();
+	portUsage2();
+
+	virtualPortUsage1();
+	virtualPortUsage2();
+
+	using namespace io;
+
+	Pin<P::B5> led;
+	led.dir(Dir::OUT);
+
+	while (true) {
+		led = true;
+		_delay_ms(500);
+
+		led = false;
+		_delay_ms(500);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}