Phase 1a: per-slot poll viz + input-path diagnostics

Surfaced by a game (Life is Strange: Before the Storm) that ignores
controller input when it lacks true OS focus even though it still polls
XInput. To find the focus-gated detection path, instrument the hook.

Protocol v3 status back-channel now reports:
- per-slot XInputGetState and XInputGetCapabilities counters (replacing the
  single aggregate), so the overlay shows exactly which slots the game polls
  and how fast;
- focus-API call counts (GetForegroundWindow/GetActiveWindow/GetFocus) to see
  whether the game consults the APIs we spoof;
- input-path diagnostics: whether the process registered Raw Input for a
  gamepad usage and whether it set RIDEV_INPUTSINK (background delivery), and
  whether a DirectInput dll is loaded.

Host overlay gains a per-slot poll table and an "Input path" section. The DLL
refreshes input diagnostics each worker tick via GetRegisteredRawInputDevices.
hook_selftest updated for per-slot counters; passes.

This is diagnostic-only: once a real run shows which path LiS uses, the
targeted focus fix (e.g. forcing RIDEV_INPUTSINK or DI background coop) follows.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

common/include/coop/protocol.hpp

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ namespace coop
 
 // Bump whenever the layout of SharedBlock or CoopPadState changes. The hook
 // refuses to attach to a host with a mismatched version.
-inline constexpr std::uint32_t kProtocolVersion = 2;
+inline constexpr std::uint32_t kProtocolVersion = 3;
 
 // 'COOP' little-endian, used to sanity-check the mapping before trusting it.
 inline constexpr std::uint32_t kProtocolMagic = 0x504F4F43u;
@@ -42,19 +42,37 @@ struct CoopPadState
 
 static_assert(sizeof(CoopPadState) == 20, "CoopPadState layout must stay stable across both modules");
 
+// Indices into HookStatus::focus_query_calls.
+enum FocusApi : std::uint32_t
+{
+	FocusApi_Foreground = 0, // GetForegroundWindow
+	FocusApi_Active = 1,     // GetActiveWindow
+	FocusApi_Focus = 2,      // GetFocus
+	FocusApi_Count = 3,
+};
+
 // Hook -> host back-channel. The injected DLL is the sole writer; the host reads
-// it for the diagnostics overlay (is the hook attached? is the game actually
+// it for the diagnostics overlay: is the hook attached, which slots is the game
-// polling it? did focus spoofing take?). Diagnostics only, so the few non-atomic
+// polling, does it use the focus APIs, and does it read input through a
+// focus-gated path (Raw Input / DirectInput)? Diagnostics only, so the non-atomic
 // fields tolerate benign cross-process races.
 struct HookStatus
 {
-	std::atomic<std::uint32_t> heartbeat;       // DLL bumps this ~4x/sec while alive
+	std::atomic<std::uint32_t> heartbeat;                       // DLL bumps ~4x/sec while alive
-	std::atomic<std::uint64_t> xinput_queries;  // cumulative XInputGetState/Ex calls served
+	std::atomic<std::uint64_t> get_state_calls[kMaxPads];      // XInputGetState/Ex per slot
+	std::atomic<std::uint64_t> get_caps_calls[kMaxPads];       // XInputGetCapabilities per slot
+	std::atomic<std::uint64_t> focus_query_calls[FocusApi_Count]; // focus API calls, see FocusApi
+
 	std::uint32_t attached;     // 1 once XInput hooks are installed
 	std::uint32_t focus_spoof;  // 1 once focus spoofing is active
 	std::uint32_t game_pid;     // the DLL's own pid (sanity check)
-	std::uint32_t last_user_index;              // last slot the game queried
 	std::uint64_t game_hwnd;    // window the DLL subclassed (0 if none yet)
+
+	// Input-path diagnostics: which focus-gated mechanism (if any) the game uses.
+	std::uint32_t raw_input_registered;   // process has any Raw Input registration
+	std::uint32_t raw_input_gamepad;      // ... for a joystick/gamepad usage page
+	std::uint32_t raw_input_gamepad_sink; // ... and that usage has RIDEV_INPUTSINK (bg delivery)
+	std::uint32_t dinput_loaded;          // dinput8.dll is present in the process
 };
 
 // Top-level shared block. The host is the sole writer of pad state; the hook is

hook/src/dllmain.cpp

@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ DWORD WINAPI worker_thread(LPVOID)
 		{
 			focus_installed = coop::hook::install_focus_spoof(g_ipc);
 		}
+		coop::hook::update_input_diagnostics(g_ipc); // refreshes each tick; registrations can change
 		g_ipc.heartbeat();
 		Sleep(250);
 	}

hook/src/focus_spoof.cpp

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ HWND g_game_hwnd = nullptr;
 WNDPROC g_orig_proc = nullptr;
 bool g_unicode = true;
 std::vector<safetyhook::InlineHook> g_focus_hooks;
+IpcClient* g_focus_ipc = nullptr;
 
 struct EnumContext
 {
@@ -85,16 +86,28 @@ LRESULT CALLBACK subclass_proc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wparam, LPARAM lparam
 
 HWND WINAPI hk_GetForegroundWindow()
 {
+	if (g_focus_ipc != nullptr)
+	{
+		g_focus_ipc->note_focus_query(FocusApi_Foreground);
+	}
 	return g_game_hwnd;
 }
 
 HWND WINAPI hk_GetActiveWindow()
 {
+	if (g_focus_ipc != nullptr)
+	{
+		g_focus_ipc->note_focus_query(FocusApi_Active);
+	}
 	return g_game_hwnd;
 }
 
 HWND WINAPI hk_GetFocus()
 {
+	if (g_focus_ipc != nullptr)
+	{
+		g_focus_ipc->note_focus_query(FocusApi_Focus);
+	}
 	return g_game_hwnd;
 }
 
@@ -110,6 +123,7 @@ void hook_export(HMODULE module, const char* name, void* detour)
 
 bool install_focus_spoof(IpcClient& ipc)
 {
+	g_focus_ipc = &ipc;
 	if (g_game_hwnd != nullptr)
 	{
 		return true; // already active
@@ -142,6 +156,40 @@ bool install_focus_spoof(IpcClient& ipc)
 	return true;
 }
 
+void update_input_diagnostics(IpcClient& ipc)
+{
+	// Inspect how the game currently reads input, to find a focus-gated path that
+	// would explain a controller working only when the game has true focus.
+	bool raw_registered = false;
+	bool raw_gamepad = false;
+	bool raw_gamepad_sink = false;
+
+	UINT count = 0;
+	if (GetRegisteredRawInputDevices(nullptr, &count, sizeof(RAWINPUTDEVICE)) == 0 && count > 0)
+	{
+		std::vector<RAWINPUTDEVICE> devices(count);
+		const UINT got = GetRegisteredRawInputDevices(devices.data(), &count, sizeof(RAWINPUTDEVICE));
+		if (got != static_cast<UINT>(-1))
+		{
+			raw_registered = got > 0;
+			for (UINT i = 0; i < got; ++i)
+			{
+				// Generic Desktop (0x01) joystick (0x04) / gamepad (0x05).
+				const bool is_pad =
+				    devices[i].usUsagePage == 0x01 && (devices[i].usUsage == 0x04 || devices[i].usUsage == 0x05);
+				if (is_pad)
+				{
+					raw_gamepad = true;
+					raw_gamepad_sink = (devices[i].dwFlags & RIDEV_INPUTSINK) != 0;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	const bool dinput = GetModuleHandleW(L"dinput8.dll") != nullptr || GetModuleHandleW(L"dinput.dll") != nullptr;
+	ipc.set_input_diagnostics(raw_registered, raw_gamepad, raw_gamepad_sink, dinput);
+}
+
 void remove_focus_spoof()
 {
 	if (g_game_hwnd != nullptr && g_orig_proc != nullptr)
@@ -158,6 +206,7 @@ void remove_focus_spoof()
 	g_focus_hooks.clear();
 	g_game_hwnd = nullptr;
 	g_orig_proc = nullptr;
+	g_focus_ipc = nullptr;
 }
 
 } // namespace coop::hook

hook/src/focus_spoof.hpp

@@ -15,6 +15,11 @@ namespace coop::hook
 // status through `ipc`.
 bool install_focus_spoof(IpcClient& ipc);
 
+// Reports how the game currently reads input (Raw Input gamepad usage + sink
+// flag, DirectInput presence) so the host can identify a focus-gated path. Cheap
+// to call each tick.
+void update_input_diagnostics(IpcClient& ipc);
+
 // Restores the original window procedure and removes the focus API hooks.
 void remove_focus_spoof();
 

hook/src/ipc_client.hpp

@@ -57,14 +57,28 @@ public:
 
 	// --- Status back-channel (hook -> host diagnostics) --------------------
 
-	// Record that the game queried a controller slot; the host turns the
+	// Record that the game queried a controller slot via XInputGetState/Ex.
-	// cumulative count into a poll rate to prove the hook is live.
+	void note_state_query(std::uint32_t user_index)
-	void note_query(std::uint32_t user_index)
 	{
-		if (block_ != nullptr)
+		if (block_ != nullptr && user_index < kMaxPads)
 		{
-			block_->status.xinput_queries.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+			block_->status.get_state_calls[user_index].fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
-			block_->status.last_user_index = user_index;
+		}
+	}
+
+	void note_caps_query(std::uint32_t user_index)
+	{
+		if (block_ != nullptr && user_index < kMaxPads)
+		{
+			block_->status.get_caps_calls[user_index].fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+		}
+	}
+
+	void note_focus_query(FocusApi which)
+	{
+		if (block_ != nullptr && which < FocusApi_Count)
+		{
+			block_->status.focus_query_calls[which].fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -86,6 +100,17 @@ public:
 		}
 	}
 
+	void set_input_diagnostics(bool raw_registered, bool raw_gamepad, bool raw_gamepad_sink, bool dinput)
+	{
+		if (block_ != nullptr)
+		{
+			block_->status.raw_input_registered = raw_registered ? 1u : 0u;
+			block_->status.raw_input_gamepad = raw_gamepad ? 1u : 0u;
+			block_->status.raw_input_gamepad_sink = raw_gamepad_sink ? 1u : 0u;
+			block_->status.dinput_loaded = dinput ? 1u : 0u;
+		}
+	}
+
 	void heartbeat()
 	{
 		if (block_ != nullptr)

hook/src/xinput_hook.cpp

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ DWORD query_state(DWORD user_index, XINPUT_STATE* state, bool keep_guide)
 	}
 	if (g_ipc != nullptr)
 	{
-		g_ipc->note_query(user_index); // proves to the host the game is polling us
+		g_ipc->note_state_query(user_index); // proves to the host the game is polling us
 	}
 	refresh_cache();
 	const CoopPadState& pad = g_cache[user_index];
@@ -100,6 +100,10 @@ DWORD WINAPI hk_XInputGetCapabilities(DWORD user_index, DWORD /*flags*/, XINPUT_
 	{
 		return ERROR_DEVICE_NOT_CONNECTED;
 	}
+	if (g_ipc != nullptr)
+	{
+		g_ipc->note_caps_query(user_index);
+	}
 	refresh_cache();
 	if (!g_cache[user_index].connected)
 	{

host/src/injection_panel.cpp

@@ -148,15 +148,18 @@ void InjectionPanel::draw_hook_status()
 
 	const HookStatusView status = server_.hook_status();
 
-	// Convert the cumulative query counter into a rate every half second.
+	// Convert the cumulative per-slot counters into rates every half second.
 	const double now = ImGui::GetTime();
 	if (now - last_sample_time_ >= 0.5)
 	{
 		const double dt = now - last_sample_time_;
+		for (int i = 0; i < static_cast<int>(kMaxPads); ++i)
+		{
 			const unsigned long long delta =
-		    status.xinput_queries >= last_query_count_ ? status.xinput_queries - last_query_count_ : 0;
+			    status.get_state[i] >= last_state_count_[i] ? status.get_state[i] - last_state_count_[i] : 0;
-		query_rate_ = dt > 0.0 ? static_cast<double>(delta) / dt : 0.0;
+			state_rate_[i] = dt > 0.0 ? static_cast<double>(delta) / dt : 0.0;
-		last_query_count_ = status.xinput_queries;
+			last_state_count_[i] = status.get_state[i];
+		}
 		last_sample_time_ = now;
 	}
 
@@ -169,14 +172,65 @@ void InjectionPanel::draw_hook_status()
 
 	ImGui::TextColored(kGreen, "Attached (game pid %u, hwnd 0x%llX)", status.game_pid,
 	                   static_cast<unsigned long long>(status.game_hwnd));
-	ImGui::Text("XInput polled: %.0f/s (last slot %u)", query_rate_, status.last_user_index);
-	if (query_rate_ > 0.0)
-	{
-		ImGui::SameLine();
-		ImGui::TextColored(kGreen, " <- game is reading our input");
-	}
 	ImGui::TextColored(status.focus_spoof ? kGreen : kGrey, "Focus spoof: %s",
 	                   status.focus_spoof ? "active" : "inactive");
+
+	// Per-slot XInput polling: shows exactly which slots the game reads and how
+	// fast -- the requested visualization.
+	if (ImGui::BeginTable("slots", 4, ImGuiTableFlags_Borders | ImGuiTableFlags_SizingStretchProp))
+	{
+		ImGui::TableSetupColumn("Slot");
+		ImGui::TableSetupColumn("GetState/s");
+		ImGui::TableSetupColumn("GetState total");
+		ImGui::TableSetupColumn("GetCaps total");
+		ImGui::TableHeadersRow();
+		for (int i = 0; i < static_cast<int>(kMaxPads); ++i)
+		{
+			ImGui::TableNextRow();
+			ImGui::TableNextColumn();
+			ImGui::Text("%d", i);
+			ImGui::TableNextColumn();
+			if (state_rate_[i] > 0.0)
+			{
+				ImGui::TextColored(kGreen, "%.0f", state_rate_[i]);
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				ImGui::TextDisabled("0");
+			}
+			ImGui::TableNextColumn();
+			ImGui::Text("%llu", static_cast<unsigned long long>(status.get_state[i]));
+			ImGui::TableNextColumn();
+			ImGui::Text("%llu", static_cast<unsigned long long>(status.get_caps[i]));
+		}
+		ImGui::EndTable();
+	}
+
+	// Focus-API usage: tells us whether the game even consults these (which we
+	// spoof) when deciding it lost focus.
+	ImGui::Text("Focus API calls  FG:%llu  Active:%llu  Focus:%llu",
+	            static_cast<unsigned long long>(status.focus_calls[coop::FocusApi_Foreground]),
+	            static_cast<unsigned long long>(status.focus_calls[coop::FocusApi_Active]),
+	            static_cast<unsigned long long>(status.focus_calls[coop::FocusApi_Focus]));
+
+	// Input-path diagnostics: a focus-gated detection path would explain a game
+	// that only accepts the controller when it has true focus.
+	ImGui::SeparatorText("Input path");
+	if (status.raw_input_gamepad)
+	{
+		ImGui::TextColored(status.raw_input_gamepad_sink ? kGreen : kRed, "Raw Input gamepad: yes (INPUTSINK %s)",
+		                   status.raw_input_gamepad_sink ? "set -> bg ok" : "MISSING -> focus-gated!");
+	}
+	else if (status.raw_input_registered)
+	{
+		ImGui::TextColored(kGrey, "Raw Input: registered, but not for a gamepad usage");
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		ImGui::TextColored(kGrey, "Raw Input: not registered");
+	}
+	ImGui::TextColored(status.dinput_loaded ? kRed : kGrey, "DirectInput dll loaded: %s",
+	                   status.dinput_loaded ? "yes (could be foreground-gated)" : "no");
 }
 
 void InjectionPanel::draw()

host/src/injection_panel.hpp

@@ -41,10 +41,10 @@ private:
 
 	bool test_input_ = false;
 
-	// Sampled to turn the hook's cumulative query counter into a poll rate.
+	// Sampled to turn the hook's cumulative per-slot counters into poll rates.
-	unsigned long long last_query_count_ = 0;
+	unsigned long long last_state_count_[kMaxPads] = {};
+	double state_rate_[kMaxPads] = {};
 	double last_sample_time_ = 0.0;
-	double query_rate_ = 0.0;
 };
 
 } // namespace coop

host/src/ipc/ipc_server.cpp

@@ -51,10 +51,21 @@ HookStatusView IpcServer::hook_status() const
 	view.attached = s.attached != 0;
 	view.focus_spoof = s.focus_spoof != 0;
 	view.heartbeat = s.heartbeat.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
-	view.xinput_queries = s.xinput_queries.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+	for (std::uint32_t i = 0; i < kMaxPads; ++i)
+	{
+		view.get_state[i] = s.get_state_calls[i].load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+		view.get_caps[i] = s.get_caps_calls[i].load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+	}
+	for (std::uint32_t i = 0; i < FocusApi_Count; ++i)
+	{
+		view.focus_calls[i] = s.focus_query_calls[i].load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+	}
 	view.game_pid = s.game_pid;
 	view.game_hwnd = s.game_hwnd;
-	view.last_user_index = s.last_user_index;
+	view.raw_input_registered = s.raw_input_registered != 0;
+	view.raw_input_gamepad = s.raw_input_gamepad != 0;
+	view.raw_input_gamepad_sink = s.raw_input_gamepad_sink != 0;
+	view.dinput_loaded = s.dinput_loaded != 0;
 	return view;
 }
 

host/src/ipc/ipc_server.hpp

@@ -18,10 +18,15 @@ struct HookStatusView
 	bool attached = false;       // XInput hooks installed in the game
 	bool focus_spoof = false;    // focus spoofing active
 	std::uint32_t heartbeat = 0; // DLL liveness counter
-	std::uint64_t xinput_queries = 0;
+	std::uint64_t get_state[kMaxPads] = {};
+	std::uint64_t get_caps[kMaxPads] = {};
+	std::uint64_t focus_calls[FocusApi_Count] = {};
 	std::uint32_t game_pid = 0;
 	std::uint64_t game_hwnd = 0;
-	std::uint32_t last_user_index = 0;
+	bool raw_input_registered = false;
+	bool raw_input_gamepad = false;
+	bool raw_input_gamepad_sink = false;
+	bool dinput_loaded = false;
 };
 
 class IpcServer

tests/hook_selftest.cpp

@@ -79,7 +79,9 @@ int main()
 
 	// Status back-channel: the host relies on these to prove the hook is live.
 	check(block->status.attached == 1, "status reports attached");
-	check(block->status.xinput_queries.load(std::memory_order_relaxed) >= 2, "status counts XInput queries");
+	check(block->status.get_state_calls[0].load(std::memory_order_relaxed) >= 1, "status counts slot 0 GetState");
+	check(block->status.get_state_calls[1].load(std::memory_order_relaxed) >= 1, "status counts slot 1 GetState");
+	check(block->status.get_caps_calls[0].load(std::memory_order_relaxed) >= 1, "status counts slot 0 GetCaps");
 
 	hook::remove_xinput_hooks();