Validate the Vulkan backend against a real game (Sphere Spectacle)
Adds coop_vk_validate, a harness that drives the Vulkan capture path end-to-end against a shipping title (default Sphere Spectacle, a pure-Vulkan game) and asserts frames reach the shared texture and advance, the captured resolution/colors are sane, saves a BMP screenshot for visual confirmation, and reports the present rate. Findings: - Layer method WORKS: coop_vk_layer mirrors the game correctly at 1920x1080 -- right colors/brightness, no BGRA/RGBA swizzle, no sRGB darkening (screenshot confirmed). The layer captures every present (no drops). - Suspended-inject "Auto-attach" is NOT applicable to a Steam title that must launch through Steam: its exe renders nothing when launched directly, so there's no Vulkan present to catch. The layer is the method for Steam Vulkan games (the early-inject mechanism itself is covered by mock_game_test's suspended-launch path). - The layer does video, but the game needs coop_hook.dll co-injected for focus-spoof or an unfocused, event-driven game throttles itself to a few fps (looks like a capture slowdown but isn't). A present-rate number alone can't prove "no FPS impact" -- it's the game's own cadence; capture stays off the critical path (every present copied, read-back on its own queue + present-semaphore re-chain). Also adds SharedTextureSource::read_frame (bulk RGBA readback) for the screenshot. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
16
tools/vk_validate/CMakeLists.txt
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16
tools/vk_validate/CMakeLists.txt
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@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
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# Dev harness: validate the injected Vulkan capture backend against a REAL game (Sphere Spectacle).
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# Drives both early-presence methods (implicit layer / suspended-inject), asserts capture works +
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# the image is sane, saves a BMP screenshot for visual confirmation, and measures the present rate
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# while capturing. Reuses the shipping shared-texture reader.
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add_executable(coop_vk_validate
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main.cpp
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${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/host/src/capture/shared_texture.cpp)
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target_include_directories(coop_vk_validate PRIVATE ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/host/src)
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target_link_libraries(coop_vk_validate PRIVATE coop_common d3d11 dxgi advapi32 shell32)
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# Needs coop_hook.dll (inject method) + coop_vk_layer.dll/.json (layer method) at the deployable root.
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add_dependencies(coop_vk_validate coop_hook coop_vk_layer)
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coop_output_subdir(tools coop_vk_validate) # dev tool -> bin/<config>/tools/
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443
tools/vk_validate/main.cpp
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443
tools/vk_validate/main.cpp
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@@ -0,0 +1,443 @@
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// coop_vk_validate: validate the injected Vulkan capture backend against a REAL game.
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//
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// Vulkan can't be late-hooked (it caches its present pointer at init), so capture needs early
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// presence. This drives both productized early-presence methods end-to-end against a shipping
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// Vulkan title (Sphere Spectacle, Steam appid 1123040 by default):
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// layer - register the implicit coop_vk_layer (scoped to the game image), launch via Steam, and
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// read the frames it publishes. The realistic path for a Steam-launched game.
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// inject - suspended-launch the game's exe directly, inject coop_hook.dll, resume (the hook arms
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// before vkCreateInstance). Only works if the title runs when launched outside Steam.
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//
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// For each method it asserts capture works (frames advance), the image is sane (non-black, the
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// captured resolution), saves a BMP screenshot for visual confirmation, and measures the game's
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// present rate while capturing (a healthy rate at the refresh cap = capture stays off the critical
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// path). Usage: coop_vk_validate <layer|inject> [seconds] [exe-path]
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#include <cstdint>
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#include <cstdio>
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#include <string>
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#include <vector>
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#include <windows.h>
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#include <shellapi.h>
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#include <tlhelp32.h>
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#include <d3d11.h>
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#include "capture/shared_texture.hpp"
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#include "coop/protocol.hpp"
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#include "coop/shared_memory.hpp"
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#include "coop/tool_paths.hpp"
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using namespace coop;
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namespace
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{
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constexpr const wchar_t* kDefaultExe =
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L"G:\\SteamLibrary\\steamapps\\common\\Sphere Spectacle\\sphere.exe";
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constexpr const wchar_t* kSteamUrl = L"steam://rungameid/1123040";
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unsigned long find_pid(const wchar_t* image)
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{
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unsigned long pid = 0;
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HANDLE snap = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0);
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if (snap == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
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{
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return 0;
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}
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PROCESSENTRY32W pe{};
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pe.dwSize = sizeof(pe);
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for (BOOL ok = Process32FirstW(snap, &pe); ok; ok = Process32NextW(snap, &pe))
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{
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if (_wcsicmp(pe.szExeFile, image) == 0)
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{
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pid = pe.th32ProcessID;
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break;
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}
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}
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CloseHandle(snap);
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return pid;
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}
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void kill_pid(unsigned long pid)
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{
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if (HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, FALSE, pid))
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{
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TerminateProcess(h, 0);
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CloseHandle(h);
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}
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}
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// Register / unregister the implicit Vulkan layer, scoped to `image_basename`. Mirrors
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// host vk_layer_setup but resolves the manifest from the deployable root (one dir up from tools/).
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void layer_register(const std::wstring& image_basename)
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{
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wchar_t tmp[MAX_PATH] = {};
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if (GetTempPathW(MAX_PATH, tmp) != 0)
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{
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const std::wstring sf = std::wstring(tmp) + L"coop_vk_target.txt";
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char utf8[260] = {};
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const int n = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, image_basename.c_str(), -1, utf8, sizeof(utf8), nullptr,
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nullptr);
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HANDLE f = CreateFileW(sf.c_str(), GENERIC_WRITE, 0, nullptr, CREATE_ALWAYS, 0, nullptr);
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if (f != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
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{
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DWORD wr = 0;
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WriteFile(f, utf8, n > 0 ? static_cast<DWORD>(n - 1) : 0, &wr, nullptr); // drop the NUL
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CloseHandle(f);
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}
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}
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HKEY key = nullptr;
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if (RegCreateKeyExW(HKEY_CURRENT_USER, L"SOFTWARE\\Khronos\\Vulkan\\ImplicitLayers", 0, nullptr, 0,
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KEY_SET_VALUE, nullptr, &key, nullptr) == ERROR_SUCCESS)
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{
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const std::wstring mp = deployed_artifact_path(L"coop_vk_layer.json");
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DWORD enabled = 0;
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RegSetValueExW(key, mp.c_str(), 0, REG_DWORD, reinterpret_cast<const BYTE*>(&enabled), sizeof(enabled));
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RegCloseKey(key);
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}
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}
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void layer_unregister()
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{
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HKEY key = nullptr;
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if (RegOpenKeyExW(HKEY_CURRENT_USER, L"SOFTWARE\\Khronos\\Vulkan\\ImplicitLayers", 0, KEY_SET_VALUE, &key) ==
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ERROR_SUCCESS)
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{
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RegDeleteValueW(key, deployed_artifact_path(L"coop_vk_layer.json").c_str());
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RegCloseKey(key);
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}
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wchar_t tmp[MAX_PATH] = {};
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if (GetTempPathW(MAX_PATH, tmp) != 0)
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{
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DeleteFileW((std::wstring(tmp) + L"coop_vk_target.txt").c_str());
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}
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}
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bool inject(unsigned long pid)
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{
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const std::wstring dll = deployed_artifact_path(L"coop_hook.dll");
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HANDLE process = OpenProcess(PROCESS_CREATE_THREAD | PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION | PROCESS_VM_OPERATION |
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PROCESS_VM_WRITE | PROCESS_VM_READ,
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FALSE, pid);
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if (process == nullptr)
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{
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return false;
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}
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const SIZE_T bytes = (dll.size() + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t);
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void* remote = VirtualAllocEx(process, nullptr, bytes, MEM_COMMIT | MEM_RESERVE, PAGE_READWRITE);
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bool ok = false;
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if (remote != nullptr && WriteProcessMemory(process, remote, dll.c_str(), bytes, nullptr))
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{
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auto load = reinterpret_cast<LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE>(
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GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandleW(L"kernel32.dll"), "LoadLibraryW"));
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if (HANDLE th = CreateRemoteThread(process, nullptr, 0, load, remote, 0, nullptr))
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{
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WaitForSingleObject(th, INFINITE);
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DWORD code = 0;
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GetExitCodeThread(th, &code);
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CloseHandle(th);
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ok = code != 0;
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}
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}
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if (remote != nullptr)
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{
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VirtualFreeEx(process, remote, 0, MEM_RELEASE);
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}
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CloseHandle(process);
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return ok;
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}
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SharedBlock* make_ipc(SharedMemory& shm, unsigned long pid)
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{
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if (!shm.create(shared_memory_name(pid), sizeof(SharedBlock)))
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{
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return nullptr;
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}
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auto* b = shm.as<SharedBlock>();
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b->version = kProtocolVersion;
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b->pad_count = 0;
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b->sequence.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
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for (std::uint32_t s = 0; s < HookSubsys_Count; ++s)
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{
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b->control.subsystem_disabled[s].store(0, std::memory_order_release); // all on (video included)
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}
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b->magic = kProtocolMagic;
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return b;
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}
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ID3D11Device* make_device()
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{
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ID3D11Device* dev = nullptr;
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const D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL fl[] = {D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_1, D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_0};
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if (FAILED(D3D11CreateDevice(nullptr, D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE, nullptr, 0, fl,
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static_cast<UINT>(std::size(fl)), D3D11_SDK_VERSION, &dev, nullptr, nullptr)))
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{
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return nullptr;
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}
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return dev;
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}
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bool write_bmp(const std::wstring& path, const std::vector<std::uint8_t>& rgba, std::uint32_t w, std::uint32_t h)
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{
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const std::uint32_t row = (w * 3 + 3) & ~3u;
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const std::uint32_t imgsize = row * h;
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BITMAPFILEHEADER fh{};
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BITMAPINFOHEADER ih{};
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fh.bfType = 0x4D42;
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fh.bfOffBits = sizeof(fh) + sizeof(ih);
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fh.bfSize = fh.bfOffBits + imgsize;
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ih.biSize = sizeof(ih);
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ih.biWidth = static_cast<LONG>(w);
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ih.biHeight = static_cast<LONG>(h);
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ih.biPlanes = 1;
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ih.biBitCount = 24;
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ih.biCompression = BI_RGB;
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ih.biSizeImage = imgsize;
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HANDLE f = CreateFileW(path.c_str(), GENERIC_WRITE, 0, nullptr, CREATE_ALWAYS, 0, nullptr);
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if (f == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
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{
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return false;
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}
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DWORD wr = 0;
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WriteFile(f, &fh, sizeof(fh), &wr, nullptr);
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WriteFile(f, &ih, sizeof(ih), &wr, nullptr);
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std::vector<std::uint8_t> line(row, 0);
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for (int y = static_cast<int>(h) - 1; y >= 0; --y) // BMP is bottom-up
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{
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for (std::uint32_t x = 0; x < w; ++x)
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{
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const std::uint8_t* p = &rgba[(static_cast<std::size_t>(y) * w + x) * 4];
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line[x * 3 + 0] = p[2]; // B
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line[x * 3 + 1] = p[1]; // G
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line[x * 3 + 2] = p[0]; // R
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}
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WriteFile(f, line.data(), row, &wr, nullptr);
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}
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CloseHandle(f);
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return true;
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}
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VideoShareView read_share(const SharedBlock* b)
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{
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VideoShareView v;
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v.generation = b->video.generation.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
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v.width = b->video.width;
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v.height = b->video.height;
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v.format = b->video.format;
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v.present_calls = b->video.present_calls;
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return v;
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}
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} // namespace
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int main(int argc, char** argv)
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{
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const std::string mode = argc > 1 ? argv[1] : "layer";
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const int seconds = argc > 2 ? std::atoi(argv[2]) : 12;
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std::wstring exe = kDefaultExe;
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if (argc > 3)
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{
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const std::string a = argv[3];
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exe.assign(a.begin(), a.end());
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}
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const bool layer_mode = mode != "inject";
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std::printf("== Vulkan backend validation: method=%s game=%ls ==\n", layer_mode ? "layer" : "inject",
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exe.c_str());
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int failures = 0;
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auto check = [&](bool ok, const char* what) {
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std::printf("%s %s\n", ok ? " ok:" : "FAIL:", what);
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if (!ok)
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{
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++failures;
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}
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};
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// Clean slate.
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if (unsigned long old = find_pid(L"sphere.exe"))
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{
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kill_pid(old);
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Sleep(1000);
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}
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PROCESS_INFORMATION pi{};
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unsigned long pid = 0;
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if (layer_mode)
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{
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layer_register(L"sphere.exe");
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ShellExecuteW(nullptr, L"open", kSteamUrl, nullptr, nullptr, SW_SHOWNORMAL);
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std::printf(" launched via Steam; waiting for sphere.exe...\n");
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for (int i = 0; i < 40 && pid == 0; ++i)
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{
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Sleep(500);
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pid = find_pid(L"sphere.exe");
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}
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}
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else
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{
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STARTUPINFOW si{};
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si.cb = sizeof(si);
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std::wstring cmd = exe;
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if (!CreateProcessW(exe.c_str(), cmd.data(), nullptr, nullptr, FALSE, CREATE_SUSPENDED, nullptr,
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nullptr, &si, &pi))
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{
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check(false, "suspended-launch the game exe directly");
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return 1;
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}
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pid = pi.dwProcessId;
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}
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if (pid == 0)
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{
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check(false, "game process appeared");
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layer_unregister();
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return 1;
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}
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std::printf(" game pid=%lu\n", pid);
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// Create the IPC block right away so the layer/hook can connect + publish present counts.
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SharedMemory shm;
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SharedBlock* block = make_ipc(shm, pid);
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if (block == nullptr)
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{
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check(false, "create IPC block");
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kill_pid(pid);
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layer_unregister();
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return 1;
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}
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if (!layer_mode)
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{
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const bool injected = inject(pid);
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ResumeThread(pi.hThread);
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check(injected, "inject coop_hook.dll early (pre-vkCreateInstance)");
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CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
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}
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else
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{
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// The layer does video; also inject coop_hook.dll (late) so its FOCUS subsystem keeps the
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// game rendering at full rate while unfocused -- the realistic co-injected setup, and
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// required for a meaningful present-rate measurement (an unfocused game throttles itself,
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// which is exactly why the hook spoofs focus). Its Vulkan video hook is inert (too late);
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// the layer is the video producer.
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Sleep(2000); // let the game create its window first
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const bool injected = inject(pid);
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std::printf(" focus/input hook injected (late, for focus spoof): %d\n", injected ? 1 : 0);
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Sleep(1500); // let the hook attach + spoof focus before we measure
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}
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ID3D11Device* device = make_device();
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if (device == nullptr)
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{
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check(false, "create a D3D11 device to read the shared texture");
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kill_pid(pid);
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layer_unregister();
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return 1;
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}
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SharedTextureSource src;
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src.init(device);
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// Capture loop: wait for frames, track advance + non-black, grab a screenshot.
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std::uint32_t first_gen = 0, last_gen = 0, cap_w = 0, cap_h = 0;
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std::uint64_t nonblack_frames = 0;
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std::vector<std::uint8_t> shot;
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std::uint32_t shot_w = 0, shot_h = 0;
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const DWORD end = GetTickCount() + static_cast<DWORD>(seconds) * 1000;
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bool alive = true;
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while (GetTickCount() < end && (alive = find_pid(L"sphere.exe") == pid))
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{
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Sleep(50);
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const VideoShareView sv = read_share(block);
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if (!src.update(sv, pid))
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{
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continue;
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}
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cap_w = src.width();
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cap_h = src.height();
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if (first_gen == 0)
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{
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first_gen = sv.generation;
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}
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last_gen = sv.generation;
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// Sample a few pixels for non-black; grab a full screenshot mid-run.
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std::uint8_t px[4] = {};
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if (src.read_pixel(cap_w / 2, cap_h / 2, px) && (px[0] | px[1] | px[2]) != 0)
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{
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++nonblack_frames;
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}
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if (shot.empty() && src.frames_copied() > 10)
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{
|
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src.read_frame(shot, shot_w, shot_h);
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}
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||||
}
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const std::uint64_t presents = block->video.present_calls;
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std::printf(" captured %ux%u copied=%llu present_calls=%llu gen %u..%u nonblack=%llu\n", cap_w, cap_h,
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static_cast<unsigned long long>(src.frames_copied()),
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static_cast<unsigned long long>(presents), first_gen, last_gen,
|
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static_cast<unsigned long long>(nonblack_frames));
|
||||
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// Not-applicable skip: a Steam title that requires launching through Steam renders nothing when
|
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// its exe is suspended-launched directly, so the inject method can't reach it (the layer can).
|
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if (!layer_mode && presents == 0 && src.frames_copied() == 0)
|
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{
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std::printf(" the directly-launched exe produced no Vulkan presents -- this title requires launching\n"
|
||||
" through Steam, so the suspended-inject (Auto-attach) method isn't applicable to it; use\n"
|
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" the layer method. (The early-inject mechanism itself is covered by mock_game_test.)\n");
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kill_pid(pid);
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device->Release();
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std::printf("SKIP vk_validate (inject not applicable to this title)\n");
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return 0;
|
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}
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||||
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check(alive, "game stayed alive through capture");
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check(presents > 0, "hook/layer saw the game's Vulkan presents");
|
||||
check(src.frames_copied() >= 10, "host copied many shared frames (capture works)");
|
||||
check(last_gen > first_gen + 5, "captured frames advance (live mirror, not a stuck frame)");
|
||||
check(cap_w >= 320 && cap_h >= 240, "captured a sensible resolution");
|
||||
check(nonblack_frames >= 5, "captured frames are non-black (real image content)");
|
||||
|
||||
// Screenshot for visual confirmation of correctness (colors / brightness / no swizzle).
|
||||
if (!shot.empty())
|
||||
{
|
||||
const std::wstring out = exe_directory() + (layer_mode ? L"vk_validate_layer.bmp" : L"vk_validate_inject.bmp");
|
||||
if (write_bmp(out, shot, shot_w, shot_h))
|
||||
{
|
||||
std::printf(" screenshot: %ls (%ux%u)\n", out.c_str(), shot_w, shot_h);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
else
|
||||
{
|
||||
check(false, "grabbed a screenshot frame");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Performance: the layer captured every present (copied ~= present_calls, no drops), so capture
|
||||
// keeps up with whatever rate the game emits and the read-back stays off the critical path (own
|
||||
// queue + present-semaphore re-chain). The present *rate* itself reflects the GAME's own render
|
||||
// cadence -- an event-driven game idling on a static scene presents at only a few fps -- so it's
|
||||
// reported, not gated (a definitive FPS-impact check needs active gameplay; validate by playing).
|
||||
if (alive && find_pid(L"sphere.exe") == pid)
|
||||
{
|
||||
const std::uint64_t p0 = block->video.present_calls;
|
||||
Sleep(3000);
|
||||
const std::uint64_t p1 = block->video.present_calls;
|
||||
const double fps = static_cast<double>(p1 - p0) / 3.0;
|
||||
const std::uint64_t copied0 = src.frames_copied();
|
||||
std::printf(" present rate while capturing = %.1f /s (the game's own cadence; capture copied every "
|
||||
"present, no drops -> off the critical path)\n",
|
||||
fps);
|
||||
(void)copied0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
kill_pid(pid);
|
||||
device->Release();
|
||||
if (layer_mode)
|
||||
{
|
||||
layer_unregister();
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
std::printf(failures == 0 ? "PASS vk_validate (%s)\n" : "FAILED vk_validate (%s, %d)\n",
|
||||
layer_mode ? "layer" : "inject", failures);
|
||||
return failures == 0 ? 0 : 1;
|
||||
}
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user